Bethe 1990 超新星机制

主要内容:
超新星爆发理论的一篇全面的综述文章。讲大质量恒星的核塌缩型超新星。包括核合成过程、中微子过程、激波条件（非相对论性的），然后重点介绍了SN1987A.

精彩摘抄:
SN 1987A的光变曲线以及数值模拟。

文章信息:

Title:		Supernova mechanisms
Authors:		Bethe, H. A.
Affiliation:		AA(Newman Laboratory of Nuclear Studies, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853)
Publication:		Reviews of Modern Physics, Volume 62, Issue 4, October 1990, pp.801-866 (RvMP Homepage)
Publication Date:		00/1990

Supernovae of Type II occur at the end of the evolution of massive stars. The phenomenon begins when the iron core of the star exceeds a Chandrasekhar mass. The collapse of that core under gravity is well understood and takes a fraction of a second. To understand the phenomenon, a detailed knowledge of the equation of state at the relevant densities and temperatures is required. After collapse, the shock wave moves outward, but probably does not succeed in expelling the mass of the star. The most likely mechanism to do so is the absorption of neutrinos from the core by the material at medium distances. Observations and theory connected with SN 1987A are discussed, as are the conditions just before collapse and the emission of neutrinos by the collapsed core.