Götz, D. 2011 GRB 041219A的详细研究

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Title:		A detailed spectral study of GRB 041219A and its host galaxy
Authors:		Götz, D.; Covino, S.; Hascoët, R.; Fernandez-Soto, A.; Daigne, F.; Mochkovitch, R.; Esposito, P.
Affiliation:		AA(AIM (UMR 7158 CEA/DSM-CNRS-Université Paris Diderot) Irfu/Service d'Astrophysique, Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France), AB(INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera, Via E. Bianchi 46, 23807 Merate (LC), Italy), AC(Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, UMR 7095 Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6 - CNRS, 98 bis boulevard Arago, 75014 Paris, France), AD(Instituto de Fisica de Cantabria, CSIC-Universidad Cantabria, Avenida de los Castros s/n, 39005 Santander, Spain), AE(Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, UMR 7095 Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6 - CNRS, 98 bis boulevard Arago, 75014 Paris, France; Institut Universitaire de France), AF(Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris, UMR 7095 Université Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6 - CNRS, 98 bis boulevard Arago, 75014 Paris, France), AG(INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Cagliari, località Poggio dei Pini, strada 54, I-09012 Capoterra, Italy)
Publication:		Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 413, Issue 3, pp. 2173-2183. (MNRAS Homepage)
Publication Date:		05/2011
Origin:		WILEY
Astronomy Keywords:		gamma-ray burst: general, gamma-ray burst: individual: GRB 041219A, galaxies: photometry
Abstract Copyright:		© 2011 The Authors Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society © 2011 RAS
DOI:		10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.18290.x
Bibliographic Code:		2011MNRAS.413.2173G

Abstract

GRB 041219A is one of the longest and brightest gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) ever observed. It was discovered by the INTEGRAL satellite, and thanks to a precursor happening about 300 s before the bulk of the burst, ground-based telescopes were able to catch the rarely observed prompt emission in the optical and in the near-infrared bands.

Here we present the detailed analysis of its prompt gamma-ray emission, as observed with IBIS onboard INTEGRAL, and of the available X-ray afterglow data collected by X-Ray Telescope onboard Swift. We then present the late-time multiband near-infrared imaging data, collected at the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo (TNG) and the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT), that allowed us to identify the host galaxy of the GRB as an underluminous, irregular galaxy of ˜5 × 10⁹ M_sun at best-fitting redshift of z= 0.31^+0.54_-0.26.

We model the broad-band prompt optical to gamma-ray emission of GRB 041219A within the internal shock model. We were able to reproduce the spectra and light curve invoking the synchrotron emission of relativistic electrons accelerated by a series of propagating shock waves inside a relativistic outflow. On the other hand, it is less easy to simultaneously reproduce the temporal and spectral properties of the infrared data.

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Laurent 2011 通过GRB041219A的偏振差限制LIV

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Title:		Constraints on Lorentz Invariance Violation using INTEGRAL/IBIS observations of GRB041219A
Authors:		Laurent, P.; Gotz, D.; Binetruy, P.; Covino, S.; Fernandez-Soto, A.
Publication:		eprint arXiv:1106.1068
Publication Date:		06/2011
Origin:		ARXIV
Keywords:		Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology
Comment:		5 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication as a Rapid Communication in Physical Review D
Bibliographic Code:		2011arXiv1106.1068L

Abstract

One of the experimental tests of Lorentz invariance violation is to measure the helicity dependence of the propagation velocity of photons originating in distant cosmological obejcts. Using a recent determination of the distance of the Gamma-Ray Burst GRB 041219A, for which a high degree of polarization is observed in the prompt emission, we are able to improve by 4 orders of magnitude the existing constraint on Lorentz invariance violation, arising from the phenomenon of vacuum birefringence.

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Gotz 2009 GRB 041219A的偏振观测

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偏振度: 43+/-25%

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Title:		Variable polarization measured in the prompt emission of GRB 041219A using IBIS on board INTEGRAL
Authors:		Gotz, D.; Laurent, P.; Lebrun, F.; Daigne, F.; Bosnjak, Z.
Publication:		eprint arXiv:0903.1712
Publication Date:		03/2009
Origin:		ARXIV
Keywords:		Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Comment:		7 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Letters
Bibliographic Code:		2009arXiv0903.1712G

Abstract

Polarization measurements provide direct insight into the nature of astrophysical processes. Unfortunately, only a few instruments are available for this kind of measurements at gamma-ray energies, and the sources need to be very bright. Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) are ideal candidates due to their large flux over limited time intervals, maximizing the available signal-to-noise ratio. To date a few polarization measurements have been reported, claiming of a high degree of polarization in the prompt emission of GRBs but with low statistical evidence. We used the IBIS telescope on board the INTEGRAL satellite to measure the polarization of the prompt gamma-ray emission of the long and bright GRB 041219A in the 200-800 keV energy band. We find a variable degree of polarization ranging from less than 4% over the first peak to 43+/-25% for the whole second peak. Time resolved analysis of both peaks indicates a high degree of polarization, and the null average polarization in the first peak can be explained by the rapid variations observed in the polarization angle and degree. Our results are consistent with different models for the prompt emission of GRBs at these energies, but they favor synchrotron radiation from a relativistic outflow with a magnetic field which is coherent on an angular size comparable with the angular size of the emitting region (~1/Gamma) . Indeed this model has the best capabilities to maintain a high polarization level, and to produce the observed variability.

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McGlynn 2007 GRB 041219a的偏振观测

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有高偏振。

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astro-ph/0702738 [abs, ps, pdf, other] :

Title: Polarisation studies of the prompt gamma-ray emission from GRB 041219a using the Spectrometer aboard INTEGRAL
Authors: S. McGlynn (1), D. J. Clark (2), A. J. Dean (2), L. Hanlon (1), S. McBreen (3), D. R. Willis (3), B. McBreen (1), A. J. Bird (2), S. Foley (1) ((1) University College Dublin, (2) University of Southampton, (3) MPE Garching)
Comments: 11 pages, 10 figures, accepted by A&A

The spectrometer aboard INTEGRAL, SPI, has the capability to detect the signature of polarised emission from a bright gamma-ray source. GRB 041219a is the most intense burst localised by INTEGRAL and is an ideal candidate for such a study. Polarisation can be measured using multiple events scattered into adjacent detectors because the Compton scatter angle depends on the polarisation of the incoming photon. A search for linear polarisation in the most intense pulse of duration 66 seconds and in the brightest 12 seconds of GRB 041219a was performed in the 100-350keV, 100-500keV and 100keV-1MeV energy ranges. The multiple event data from the spectrometer was analysed and compared with the predicted instrument response obtained from Monte-Carlo simulations using the GEANT 4 INTEGRAL mass model. The chi^2 distribution between the real and simulated data as a function of the percentage polarisation and polarisation angle was calculated for all three energy ranges. The degree of linear polarisation in the brightest pulse of duration 66s was found to be 63+/-31% at an angle of 70+/-14 degrees in the 100-350keV energy range. The degree of polarisation was also constrained in the brightest 12s of the GRB and a polarisation fraction of 96+/-40% at an angle of 60+/-14 degrees was determined over the same energy range. However, despite extensive analysis and simulations, a systematic effect that could mimic the weak polarisation signal could not be definitively excluded. Our results over several energy ranges and time intervals are consistent with a polarisation signal of about 60% at a low level of significance (2 sigma). We conclude that the procedure described here demonstrates the effectiveness of using SPI as a polarimeter, and is a viable method of measuring polarisation levels in intense gamma--ray bursts.

Kalemci2006 GRB041219a的偏振观测 2

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用integral的SPI对该暴本身作了偏振的观测的处理，得到偏振度达到98 ± 33%（＋33％是怎么得到的？）. 不过也说可能存在系统误差，也就是对这个结果信心不足。

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astro-ph/0610771 [abs, ps, pdf, other] :

Title: Search for polarization from the prompt gamma-ray emission of GRB 041219a with SPI on INTEGRAL
Authors: E. Kalemci, S. E. Boggs, C. Kouveliotou, M. Finger, M. G. Baring
Comments: 8 pages, 11 figures, accepted to be published in ApJS

Zheng 2006 GRB041219a光学辐射的康普顿模型 2

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认为GRB041219A的早期光学辐射来自于伽玛射线被电子云康普顿散射的结果， 由于散射会使光学比暴本身的伽玛光子晚到， 也根据这个时间估算出该暴的红移约为0。073

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Title:		A Comptonization Model for the Prompt Optical and Infrared Emission of GRB 041219A
Authors:		Zheng, Zheng; Lu, Ye; Zhao, Yong-Heng
Publication:		The Astrophysical Journal, Volume 646, Issue 1, pp. L25-L28. arXiv:astro-ph/0606312