Ruffini 2008 fireshell模型和长短暴的划分

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Title:		The canonical Gamma-Ray Bursts: long, "fake"-"disguised" and "genuine" short bursts
Authors:		Ruffini, Remo; Aksenov, Alexey; Grazia Bernardini, Maria; Bianco, Carlo Luciano; Caito, Letizia; Giovanna Dainotti, Maria; De Barros, Gustavo; Guida, Roberto; Vereshchagin, Gregory; Xue, She-Sheng
Publication:		eprint arXiv:0901.1549
Publication Date:		01/2009
Origin:		ARXIV
Keywords:		Astrophysics
Comment:		8 pages,4 figures, Proceedings of the 2008 Cefalu' Conference
Bibliographic Code:		2009arXiv0901.1549R

Abstract

The Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) offer the unprecedented opportunity to observe for the first time the blackholic energy extracted by the vacuum polarization during the process of gravitational collapse to a black hole leading to the formation of an electron-positron plasma. The uniqueness of the Kerr-Newman black hole implies that very different processes originating from the gravitational collapse a) of a single star in a binary system induced by the companion, or b) of two neutron stars, or c) of a neutron star and a white dwarf, do lead to the same structure for the observed GRB. The recent progress of the numerical integration of the relativistic Boltzmann equations with collision integrals including 2-body and 3-body interactions between the particles offer a powerful conceptual tool in order to differentiate the traditional "fireball" picture, an expanding hot cavity considered by Cavallo and Rees, as opposed to the "fireshell" model, composed of an internally cold shell of relativistically expanding electron-positron-baryon plasma. The analysis of the fireshell naturally leads to a canonical GRB composed of a proper-GRB and an extended afterglow. By recalling the three interpretational paradigms for GRBs we show how the fireshell model leads to an understanding of the GRB structure and to an alternative classification of short and long GRBs.

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