Ruffini, Remo 2009 Fireshell模型解释一些光变

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Title:		The Blackholic energy and the canonical Gamma-Ray Burst IV: the ``long,'' ``genuine short'' and ``fake-disguised short'' GRBs
Authors:		Ruffini, Remo; Aksenov, Alexey G.; Bernardini, Maria Grazia; Bianco, Carlo Luciano; Caito, Letizia; Chardonnet, Pascal; Dainotti, Maria Giovanna; de Barros, Gustavo; Guida, Roberto; Izzo, Luca; Patricelli, Barbara; Lemos, Luis Juracy Rangel; Rotondo, Michael; Hernandez, Jorge Armando Rueda; Vereshchagin, Gregory; Xue, She-Sheng
Publication:		COSMOLOGY AND GRAVITATION: XIII Brazilian School on Cosmology and Gravitation (XIII BSCG). AIP Conference Proceedings, Volume 1132, pp. 199-266 (2009). (AIPC Homepage)
Publication Date:		05/2009
Origin:		AIP
Keywords:		gamma-ray sources (astronomical), cosmology, clusters of galaxies, cosmic background radiation, black holes, satellites, artificial
Abstract Copyright:		(c) 2009: American Institute of Physics
DOI:		10.1063/1.3151839
Bibliographic Code:		2009AIPC.1132..199R

Abstract

We report some recent developments in the understanding of GRBs based on the theoretical framework of the ``fireshell'' model, already presented in the last three editions of the ``Brazilian School of Cosmology and Gravitation.'' After recalling the basic features of the ``fireshell model,'' we emphasize the following novel results: 1) the interpretation of the X-ray flares in GRB afterglows as due to the interaction of the optically thin fireshell with isolated clouds in the CircumBurst Medium (CBM) 2) an interpretation as ``fake-disguised'' short GRBs of the GRBs belonging to the class identified by Norris & Bonnell; we present two prototypes, GRB 970228 and GRB 060614; both these cases are consistent with an origin from the final coalescence of a binary system in the halo of their host galaxies with particularly low CBM density n_cbm~10^-3 particles/cm³ 3) the first attempt to study a genuine short GRB with the analysis of GRB 050509B, that reveals indeed still an open question; 4) the interpretation of the GRB-SN association in the case of GRB 060218 via the ``induced gravitational collapse'' process; 5) a first attempt to understand the nature of the ``Amati relation,'' a phenomenological correlation between the isotropic-equivalent radiated energy of the prompt emission E_iso with the cosmological rest-frame νF_ν spectrum peak energy E_p,i. In addition, recent progress on the thermalization of the electron-positron plasma close to their formation phase, as well as the structure of the electrodynamics of Kerr-Newman Black Holes are presented. An outlook for possible explanation of high-energy phenomena in GRBs to be expected from the AGILE and the Fermi satellites are discussed. As an example of high energy process, the work by Enrico Fermi dealing with ultrarelativistic collisions is examined. It is clear that all the GRB physics points to the existence of overcritical electrodynamical fields. In this sense we present some progresses on a unified approach to heavy nuclei and neutron stars cores, which leads to the existence of overcritical fields under the neutron star crust.

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