Modjaz 2011 伽马暴-超新星成协综述

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Title:		Stellar forensics with the supernova-GRB connection
Authors:		Modjaz, M.
Affiliation:		AA(Columbia University, Pupin Physics Laboratories, MC 5247, 550 West 120th Street, New York, NY 10027, USA)
Publication:		Astronomische Nachrichten, Vol.332, Issue 5, p.434-447 (AN Homepage)
Publication Date:		06/2011
Origin:		AN
Keywords:		supernovae: general, gamma-rays: bursts
Abstract Copyright:		(c) 2011: WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
DOI:		10.1002/asna.201111562
Bibliographic Code:		2011AN....332..434M

Abstract

Long-duration gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and type Ib/c supernovae (SNe Ib/c) are amongst nature's most magnificent explosions. While GRBs launch relativistic jets, SNe Ib/c are core-collapse explosions whose progenitors have been stripped of their hydrogen and helium envelopes. Yet for over a decade, one of the key outstanding questions is what conditions lead to each kind of explosion in massive stars. Determining the fates of massive stars is not only a vibrant topic in itself, but also impacts using GRBs as star formation indicators over distances up to 13 billion light-years and for mapping the chemical enrichment history of the universe. This article reviews a number of comprehensive observational studies that probe the progenitor environments, their metallicities and the explosion geometries of SN with and without GRBs, as well as the emerging field of SN environmental studies. Furthermore, it discusses SN 2008D/XRT 080109, which was discovered serendipitously with the Swift satellite via its X-ray emission from shock breakout and which generated great interest amongst both observers and theorists while illustrating a novel technique for stellar forensics. The article concludes with an outlook on how the most promising venues of research - with the many existing and upcoming large-scale surveys such as PTF and LSST - will shed new light on the diverse deaths of massive stars.Ludwig Biermann Award Lecture 2010

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