Thöne 2011 GRB 101225A可能是类似于XRF 060218的shock breakout

主要内容:
红移=0.32是估计出来的，方法是说外流的速度应该在0.03c到0.5c之间，加上是黑体辐射，估算了红移的范围。（不知道为什么就估算出来了，貌似文章也没说，就一句话）
然后把060218的光变移到0.32的时候和观测到的101225a的很像，就说这个圣诞暴的红移是0.32 =_=!


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Title:		An unusual stellar death on Christmas Day
Authors:		Thöne, C. C.; de Ugarte Postigo, A.; Fryer, C. L.; Page, K. L.; Gorosabel, J.; Perley, D. A.; Kouveliotou, C.; Janka, H. T.; Aloy, M. A.; Mimica, P.; Racusin, J. L.; Krimm, H.; Cummings, J.; Oates, S. R.; Holland, S. T.; Siegel, M. H.; De Pasquale, M.; Sonbas, E.; Im, M.; Park, W. -K.; Kann, D. A.; Guziy, S.; Hernandez Garcia, L.; Bundy, K.; Castro-Tirado, A. J.; Choi, C.; Jeong, H.; Korhonen, H.; Kubanek, P.; Lim, J.; Llorente, A.; Moskvitin, A.; Muñoz Darias, T.; Pak, S.; Parrish, I.
Publication:		eprint arXiv:1105.3015
Publication Date:		05/2011
Origin:		ARXIV
Keywords:		Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Comment:		19 pages, 20 figures, submitted
Bibliographic Code:		2011arXiv1105.3015T

Abstract

Massive stars can end their lives in many different ways. Long Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) are the most dramatic examples, releasing ultra-relativistic ejecta that produce non-thermal emission when interacting with the surrounding medium (Zhang et al. 2004). Usually, those events are accompanied by a supernova (SN) (Woosley et al. 2006). In a few low-redshift GRB-SNe we could observe the actual breakout of the shock front from the surface of the star (Campana et al. 2006). Here we present GRB 101225A, a very peculiar event at a distance of 1.6 Gpc. A bright X-ray transient with a thermal component and an unusual optical counterpart followed an exceptionally long gamma-ray event. During the first 10 days, the optical emission evolved as an expanding, cooling blackbody with a large initial radius, after which a faint SN was observed. The absence of a normal GRB afterglow implies that some dense material, likely ejected by the progenitor star, completely thermalized the high-energy emission. A possible progenitor is a helium star/neutron star binary which underwent a common envelope phase, expelling its hydrogen envelope prior to the explosion. The final merging process created a GRB-like event where we observe the shock breakout of the secondary star before the high-energy emission gets thermalized in the collision with the previously expelled shell, until finally the emission from the SN itself takes over. GRB 101225A defines a new, rare type of blackbody-dominated GRB which explodes in a dense environment created by the progenitor system itself.

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