Dai 2009 LBT and MDM对5个暴的晚期余辉的观测

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Title:		Late-Time Optical Afterglow Observations with LBT and MDM
Authors:		Dai, X.; Stanek, K. Z.; Garnavich, P. M.
Affiliation:		AA(Department of Astronomy, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA), AB(Department of Astronomy, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA), AC(Department of Physics, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA)
Publication:		2008 NANJING GAMMA-RAY BURST CONFERENCE. AIP Conference Proceedings, Volume 1065, pp. 93-97 (2008). (AIPC Homepage)
Publication Date:		10/2008
Origin:		AIP
Keywords:		afterglows, telescopes, gamma-ray sources (astronomical), supernovae
Abstract Copyright:		(c) 2008: American Institute of Physics
DOI:		10.1063/1.3027966
Bibliographic Code:		2008AIPC.1065...93D

Abstract

Using the 2.4m MDM and 8.4m Large Binocular Telescope, we observed nine GRB afterglows to systematically probe the late time behaviors of afterglows including jet breaks, flares, and supernova bumps. In particular, the LBT observations have typical flux limits of 25-26 mag in the Sloan r' band, which allows us to extend the temporal baseline for measuring jet breaks by another decade in time scale. We detected four jet breaks (including a ``textbook'' jet break in GRB070125) and a fifth candidate, all of which are not detectable without deep, late time optical observations. In the other four cases, we do not detect the jet breaks either because of contamination from the host galaxy light, the presence of a supernova bump, or the intrinsic faintness of the optical afterglow. This suggests that the basic picture that GRBs are collimated is still valid and that the apparent lack of Swift jet breaks is due to poorly sampled afterglow light curves, particularly at late times. Besides the jet breaks, we also detected late time flares, which could attribute to late central engine activities, and two supernova bumps.

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