Schady 2009 宿主星系尘埃和金属的柱密度

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Title:		Dust and metal column densities in gamma-ray burst host galaxies
Authors:		Schady, P.; Page, M. J.; Oates, S. R.; Still, M.; de Pasquale, M.; Dwelly, T.; Kuin, N. P. M.; Holland, S. T.; Marshall, F. E.; Roming, P. W. A.
Affiliation:		AA(The UCL Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT), AB(The UCL Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT), AC(The UCL Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT), AD(The UCL Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT), AE(The UCL Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT), AF(School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ), AG(The UCL Mullard Space Science Laboratory, Holmbury St Mary, Dorking, Surrey RH5 6NT), AH(Astrophysics Science Division, Code 660.1, 8800 Greenbelt Road, GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA; Universities Space Research Association, 10211 Wincopin Circle, Suite 500, Columbia, MD 21044, USA; CRESST, Code 668.8, 8800 Greenbelt Road, GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA), AI(Astrophysics Science Division, Code 660.1, 8800 Greenbelt Road, GSFC, Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA), AJ(Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, PSU, 525 Davey Laboratory, University Park, PA 16802, USA)
Publication:		Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Volume 401, Issue 4, pp. 2773-2792. (MNRAS Homepage)
Publication Date:		02/2010
Origin:		WILEY
MNRAS Keywords:		dust, extinction, galaxies: ISM, gamma-rays: bursts, gamma-rays: observations
DOI:		10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15861.x
Bibliographic Code:		2010MNRAS.401.2773S

Abstract

In this paper we present the results from the analysis of a sample of 28 gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglow spectral energy distributions, spanning the X-ray through to near-infrared wavelengths. This is the largest sample of GRB afterglow spectral energy distributions thus far studied, providing a strong handle on the optical depth distribution of soft X-ray absorption and dust-extinction systems in GRB host galaxies. We detect an absorption system within the GRB host galaxy in 79 per cent of the sample, and an extinction system in 71 per cent of the sample, and find the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) extinction law to provide an acceptable fit to the host galaxy extinction profile for the majority of cases, consistent with previous findings. The range in the soft X-ray absorption to dust-extinction ratio, N_H,X/A_V, in GRB host galaxies spans almost two orders of magnitude, and the typical ratios are significantly larger than those of the Magellanic Clouds or Milky Way. Although dust destruction could be a cause, at least in part, for the large N_H,X/A_V ratios, the good fit provided by the SMC extinction law for the majority of our sample suggests that there is an abundance of small dust grains in the GRB environment, which we would expect to have been destroyed if dust destruction were responsible for the large N_H,X/A_V ratios. Instead, our analysis suggests that the distribution of N_H,X/A_V in GRB host galaxies may be mostly intrinsic to these galaxies, and this is further substantiated by evidence for a strong negative correlation between N_H,X/A_V and metallicity for a subsample of GRB hosts with known metallicity.

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