Milosavljevic, Milos 2010 伽马暴对超新星诞生的影响

主要内容:
反过来考虑伽马暴对超新星诞生的影响，思路比较有意思。

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Title:		Supernovae Powered by Collapsar Accretion in Gamma-Ray Burst Sources
Authors:		Milosavljevic, Milos; Lindner, Christopher C.; Shen, Rongfeng; Kumar, Pawan
Publication:		eprint arXiv:1007.0763
Publication Date:		07/2010
Origin:		ARXIV
Keywords:		Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Comment:		12 pages, 2 figures
Bibliographic Code:		2010arXiv1007.0763M

Abstract

The association of long-duration gamma-ray bursts (LGRBs) with Type Ibc supernovae (SN) presents a challenge to supernova explosion models. In the collapsar model for LGRBs, gamma rays are produced in an ultrarelativistic jet launching from the magnetosphere of the black hole (BH) that forms in the aftermath of the collapse of a rotating progenitor star. The jet is collimated along the star's rotation axis, but the concomitant luminous SN should be relatively--though perhaps not entirely--spherical, and should synthesize a substantial mass of 56Ni. Our goal is to provide a qualitative assessment of the possibility that accretion of the progenitor envelope onto the BH, which powers the LGRB, could also deposit sufficient energy and nickel mass in the envelope to produce a luminous SN. For this, the energy dissipated near the BH during accretion must be transported outward, where it can drive a SN-like shockwave. Here we suggest that the energy is transported by convection and develop an analytical toy model, relying on global mass and energy conservation, for the dynamics of stellar collapse. The model suggests that a ~ 10,000 km/s shock can be driven into the envelope and that ~ 10^51 erg explosions are possible. The efficiency with which the accretion energy is being transferred to the envelope is governed by the competition of advection and convection at distances ~ 100-1,000 km from the BH. Substantial masses of 56Ni may be synthesized in the convective accretion flow over the course of tens of seconds from the initial circularization of the infalling envelope around the BH. The synthesized nickel is convectively mixed with a much larger mass of unburned ejecta.

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