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- · arXiv e-print (arXiv:1401.1820)
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| Title: |
| Are gamma-ray bursts the sources of ultra-high energy cosmic rays? |
| Authors: |
| Baerwald, Philipp; Bustamante, Mauricio; Winter, Walter |
| Publication: |
| eprint arXiv:1401.1820 |
| Publication Date: |
| 01/2014 |
| Origin: |
| ARXIV |
| Keywords: |
| Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology |
| Comment: |
| 44 pages, 21 figures, 1 table |
| Bibliographic Code: |
| 2014arXiv1401.1820B |
Abstract
We reconsider the possibility that gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) are the
sources of the ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) within the
internal shock model, assuming a pure proton composition of the UHECRs.
For the first time, we combine the information from gamma-rays, cosmic
rays, prompt neutrinos, and
cosmogenic neutrinos quantitatively in a
joint cosmic ray production and propagation model, and we show that the
information on the cosmic energy budget can be obtained as a
consequence. In addition to the neutron model, we consider alternative
scenarios for the cosmic ray escape from the GRBs, i.e., that cosmic
rays can leak from the sources. We find that the dip model, which
describes the ankle in UHECR observations by the pair production dip, is
strongly disfavored in combination with the internal shock model because
a) unrealistically high
baryonic loadings (energy in protons versus
energy in electrons/gamma-rays) are needed for the individual GRBs and
b) the prompt neutrino flux easily overshoots the corresponding neutrino
bound. On the other hand, GRBs may account for the UHECRs in the ankle
transition model if cosmic rays leak out from the source at the highest
energies. In that case, we demonstrate that future neutrino observations
can efficiently test most of the parameter space -- unless the
baryonic
loading is much larger than previously anticipated.
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